邵明杰;刘文科;周成波;王奇;李宝石;
SHAO Mingjie;LIU Wenke;ZHOU Chengbo;WANG Qi;LI Baoshi;Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Key Lab. of Energy Conservation and Waste Management of Agricultural Structures,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs;

• 1:中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所
• 2:农业部设施农业节能与废弃物处理重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

本试验在人工光植物工厂中,以生菜为试材,采用红蓝比为4∶1、光强为200μmol·m^(-2)·s(-2)·s^(-1)的LED光源,研究了采前光照节律变化对生菜生长和营养元素吸收的影响。试验设置4个光处理。定植后用相同的光照节律(16/8 h)对生菜连续培养14 d,收获前6 d,三个处理的光照节律分别变为8/4 h(T12)、24/12 h(T36)和32/16 h(T48)。另外一组光照节律不变,设为对照组(CK,16/8 h)。结果表明,与其它处理相比,T12显著增加了生菜地上部和地下部的鲜重和干重,扩大了叶面积,降低了根冠比。在采前光照周期延长至24 h以上的处理中,与对照相比,T36显著促进生菜的地上部和地下部生物量的积累,T48则显著降低了生菜地上部干鲜重。和其它处理相比,T12显著降低了生菜中Mn和Zn的含量,但是T12处理下生菜中N、C、P、K、Ca、Mg元素累积量最高,且均显著高于对照组和T48处理。T48处理下生菜中N、C、P、K、Ca、Mg元素累积量最低,说明光周期延长不利于生菜对于大量元素的积累。结果表明,在生菜生长后期适当改变光照节律,可以促进生菜对营养元素的吸收,提高生菜的产量,但如果周期过长,会对生菜的生长产生不利影响。
Lettuce exposed to red(R) and blue(B) LEDs(4 R:1 B, 200 μmol·m(-1)的LED光源,研究了采前光照节律变化对生菜生长和营养元素吸收的影响。试验设置4个光处理。定植后用相同的光照节律(16/8 h)对生菜连续培养14 d,收获前6 d,三个处理的光照节律分别变为8/4 h(T12)、24/12 h(T36)和32/16 h(T48)。另外一组光照节律不变,设为对照组(CK,16/8 h)。结果表明,与其它处理相比,T12显著增加了生菜地上部和地下部的鲜重和干重,扩大了叶面积,降低了根冠比。在采前光照周期延长至24 h以上的处理中,与对照相比,T36显著促进生菜的地上部和地下部生物量的积累,T48则显著降低了生菜地上部干鲜重。和其它处理相比,T12显著降低了生菜中Mn和Zn的含量,但是T12处理下生菜中N、C、P、K、Ca、Mg元素累积量最高,且均显著高于对照组和T48处理。T48处理下生菜中N、C、P、K、Ca、Mg元素累积量最低,说明光周期延长不利于生菜对于大量元素的积累。结果表明,在生菜生长后期适当改变光照节律,可以促进生菜对营养元素的吸收,提高生菜的产量,但如果周期过长,会对生菜的生长产生不利影响。
Lettuce exposed to red(R) and blue(B) LEDs(4 R:1 B, 200 μmol·m^(-2)·s(-2)·s^(-1)) were cultivated hydroponically in an environmentally controlled plant factory to examine the effects of light-dark cycle(LDC) conversion at pre-harvest stage on the growth as well as nutrient element content and accumulation of lettuce using ICP-AES analysis technology. Lettuce plants of four groups were firstly cultivated with the same LDC of 16/8 h(light/dark) for fourteen days. Six days before harvest, the LDC of three groups were altered to 8/4 h(T12), 24/12 h(T36), and 32/16 h(T48), respectively. The last group had invariable photoperiod and was concerned as control(CK, 16/8 h). The results showed that compared with other treatments, T12 significantly increased the fresh and dry weight of lettuce shoot and root, enlarged leaf area and reduced root shoot ratio. Compared with the control, T36 significantly increased the biomass accumulation of lettuce, while T48 significantly reduced the dry and fresh weight of lettuce. Compared with other treatments, T12 significantly reduced the contents of Mn and Zn in lettuce. The accumulation of N, C, P, K, Ca, Mg in lettuce under T12 treatment was the highest, which was significantly higher than that in control group and T48 treatment. The accumulation of N, C, P, K, Ca and Mg in lettuce was the lowest under T48 treatment, which indicated that prolonging photoperiod was not conducive to the accumulation of macro elements in lettuce. These results indicated that light-dark cycle altered at pre-harvest stage can promote the absorption of nutrients and increase the yield of lettuce. But if the cycle is too long, it will have adverse effects on the growth of lettuce.

关键词(KeyWords)： LED;昼夜节律;水培生菜;养分吸收
LED;circadian rhythm;hydroponic lettuce;nutrient absorption

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:31672202)

作者(Authors): 邵明杰;刘文科;周成波;王奇;李宝石;
SHAO Mingjie;LIU Wenke;ZHOU Chengbo;WANG Qi;LI Baoshi;Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Key Lab. of Energy Conservation and Waste Management of Agricultural Structures,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs;

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